SSC CGL Tier 1 - Reasoning
Logical Venn Diagram
Practice MCQs with Detailed Solutions
Total Questions: 20 | Difficulty: Easy (7) - Medium (7) - Hard (6)
Sub-topics Covered: Two-Element Relations, Three-Element Relations,
Four-Element Relations,
Five-Element Relations, Subset/Superset, Overlapping Sets, Disjoint Sets
Quick Tips for Logical Venn Diagram Questions:
- Concentric Circles: When one item is completely part of another (All A are B)
- Overlapping Circles: When items share some common members (Some A
are B)
- Separate Circles: When items have nothing in common (No A is B)
- Key Questions to Ask: "Can X ever be Y?", "Is every X also a Y?", "Are X and
Y mutually exclusive?"
- Always analyze each pair of items before selecting the diagram.
EASY LEVEL (Questions 1-7)
Q1. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Dog, Pet,
Animal?
Items: Dog, Pet, Animal
(A) Three separate circles
(B) Three concentric circles with Animal as outermost, Pet in middle, Dog innermost
(C) Animal as outer circle containing two overlapping circles of Dog and Pet
(D) Dog and Pet as separate circles inside Animal
Correct Answer: (C) Animal as outer circle containing two overlapping circles of Dog and Pet
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- All dogs are animals (Dog ⊂ Animal)
- All pets are animals (Pet ⊂ Animal)
- Some dogs are pets, some are not (stray dogs)
- Some pets are dogs, some are not (cats, birds as pets)
Therefore, Animal is the outermost circle, and Dog and Pet are two overlapping circles inside Animal.
The overlapping region represents pet dogs.
Q2. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Mother,
Woman, Doctor?
Items: Mother, Woman, Doctor
(A) Three separate circles
(B) Woman as outer circle with Mother and Doctor as overlapping circles inside
(C) Three overlapping circles
(D) Mother inside Woman, Doctor separate
Correct Answer: (B) Woman as outer circle with Mother and Doctor as overlapping circles inside
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- All mothers are women (Mother ⊂ Woman)
- Some doctors are women, some are men
- Some mothers are doctors, some are not
- Some women doctors are mothers
Therefore, Woman is the outermost circle. Mother is completely inside Woman. Doctor overlaps with
Woman (for female doctors), and some of those overlap with Mother (mothers who are doctors).
Q3. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Mango, Fruit,
Food?
Items: Mango, Fruit, Food
(A) Three concentric circles with Food outermost, Fruit middle, Mango innermost
(B) Three separate circles
(C) Mango and Fruit overlapping inside Food
(D) Three overlapping circles
Correct Answer: (A) Three concentric circles with Food outermost, Fruit middle, Mango innermost
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- All mangoes are fruits (Mango ⊂ Fruit)
- All fruits are food (Fruit ⊂ Food)
- Therefore: Mango ⊂ Fruit ⊂ Food
This is a classic case of three concentric circles where Food is the largest outer circle, Fruit is the middle
circle inside Food, and Mango is the smallest circle inside Fruit.
Q4. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Chair, Table,
Furniture?
Items: Chair, Table, Furniture
(A) Three overlapping circles
(B) Chair and Table as separate circles inside Furniture
(C) Three concentric circles
(D) Three separate circles
Correct Answer: (B) Chair and Table as separate circles inside Furniture
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- All chairs are furniture (Chair ⊂ Furniture)
- All tables are furniture (Table ⊂ Furniture)
- No chair is a table (Chair ∩ Table = ∅)
Therefore, Furniture is the outer circle containing two separate, non-overlapping circles for Chair and
Table. A chair can never be a table and vice versa.
Q5. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Delhi, India,
Asia?
Items: Delhi, India, Asia
(A) Three separate circles
(B) Three overlapping circles
(C) Three concentric circles with Asia outermost, India middle, Delhi innermost
(D) Delhi and India inside Asia separately
Correct Answer: (C) Three concentric circles with Asia outermost, India middle, Delhi innermost
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- Delhi is a city in India (Delhi ⊂ India)
- India is a country in Asia (India ⊂ Asia)
- Therefore: Delhi ⊂ India ⊂ Asia
This represents three concentric circles where Asia is the outermost (largest), India is in the middle, and
Delhi is the innermost (smallest) circle.
Q6. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Pen, Pencil,
Stationery?
Items: Pen, Pencil, Stationery
(A) Three concentric circles
(B) Pen and Pencil overlapping inside Stationery
(C) Pen and Pencil as separate circles inside Stationery
(D) Three separate circles
Correct Answer: (C) Pen and Pencil as separate circles inside Stationery
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- All pens are stationery items (Pen ⊂ Stationery)
- All pencils are stationery items (Pencil ⊂ Stationery)
- No pen is a pencil (Pen ∩ Pencil = ∅)
Therefore, Stationery is the outer circle, with Pen and Pencil as two separate non-overlapping circles
inside it.
Q7. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Cow, Milk,
Curd?
Items: Cow, Milk, Curd
(A) Three concentric circles
(B) Three overlapping circles
(C) Three separate circles
(D) Milk and Curd overlapping, Cow separate
Correct Answer: (C) Three separate circles
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- Cow is an animal
- Milk is a liquid/dairy product
- Curd is a dairy product made from milk
These are three completely different categories:
- A cow is not milk or curd
- Milk is not a cow or curd
- Curd is not a cow or milk
Therefore, all three circles are completely separate with no overlap.
MEDIUM LEVEL (Questions 8-14)
Q8. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Teachers,
Singers, Men, Women?
Items: Teachers, Singers, Men, Women
(A) Four separate circles
(B) Men and Women as separate circles, each containing overlapping Teachers and Singers
(C) Teachers and Singers overlapping, Men and Women overlapping separately
(D) All four circles overlapping with each other
Correct Answer: (B) Men and Women as separate circles, each containing overlapping Teachers and
Singers
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- Teachers can be men or women
- Singers can be men or women
- Some teachers are singers, some are not
- Men and Women are mutually exclusive (no overlap)
The best representation: Men and Women as two separate circles (no person is both). Inside Men:
Teachers and Singers overlap. Inside Women: Teachers and Singers overlap. This shows male/female
teachers and male/female singers.
Q9. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Graduates,
Literates, Employees?
Items: Graduates, Literates, Employees
(A) Three separate circles
(B) Three concentric circles with Literates outermost
(C) Graduates inside Literates, both overlapping with Employees
(D) Three completely overlapping circles
Correct Answer: (C) Graduates inside Literates, both overlapping with Employees
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- All graduates are literate (Graduate ⊂ Literate)
- Some literates are employees, some are not
- Some employees are graduates, some are just literate, some may be illiterate
- Some graduates are employees, some are not
Therefore, Graduates is inside Literates (concentric), and Employees overlaps with both - the overlap
includes employed graduates and employed non-graduate literates.
Q10. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Males,
Fathers, Brothers, Doctors?
Items: Males, Fathers, Brothers, Doctors
(A) Fathers and Brothers inside Males, Doctors overlapping with Males
(B) All four separate circles
(C) Four concentric circles
(D) All four overlapping circles
Correct Answer: (A) Fathers and Brothers inside Males, Doctors overlapping with Males
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- All fathers are males (Father ⊂ Male)
- All brothers are males (Brother ⊂ Male)
- Some fathers are brothers (to their siblings)
- Doctors can be male or female
- Some male doctors are fathers, some are brothers
Therefore, Males is the outer circle, Fathers and Brothers are overlapping circles inside Males (some
men are both), and Doctors overlaps with Males (male doctors) including parts of Fathers and Brothers.
Q11. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Rectangle,
Quadrilateral, Polygon, Square?
Items: Rectangle, Quadrilateral, Polygon, Square
(A) Four separate circles
(B) Four concentric circles: Polygon > Quadrilateral > Rectangle > Square
(C) Rectangle and Square inside Quadrilateral inside Polygon
(D) All overlapping
Correct Answer: (B) Four concentric circles: Polygon > Quadrilateral > Rectangle > Square
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- All squares are rectangles (Square ⊂ Rectangle)
- All rectangles are quadrilaterals (Rectangle ⊂ Quadrilateral)
- All quadrilaterals are polygons (Quadrilateral ⊂ Polygon)
- Therefore: Square ⊂ Rectangle ⊂ Quadrilateral ⊂ Polygon
This is a perfect case of four concentric circles with Polygon as the outermost and Square as the
innermost.
Q12. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Athletes,
Players, Cricketers, Indians?
Items: Athletes, Players, Cricketers, Indians
(A) Cricketers inside Players inside Athletes, all overlapping with Indians
(B) Four separate circles
(C) Four concentric circles
(D) All four circles overlapping equally
Correct Answer: (A) Cricketers inside Players inside Athletes, all overlapping with Indians
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- All cricketers are players (Cricketer ⊂ Player)
- All players are athletes (Player ⊂ Athlete)
- So: Cricketer ⊂ Player ⊂ Athlete
- Indians is a nationality - athletes/players/cricketers can be Indian or non-Indian
Therefore, we have three concentric circles (Cricketer inside Player inside Athlete), and Indians overlaps
with all three levels - showing Indian athletes, Indian players, and Indian cricketers.
Q13. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: College,
Library, School, Books?
Items: College, Library, School, Books
(A) Four separate circles
(B) College and School separate, Library overlapping with both, Books inside Library
(C) Books inside Library, Library overlapping with College and School separately
(D) All four overlapping
Correct Answer: (C) Books inside Library, Library overlapping with College and School separately
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- All libraries contain books (Books can be considered part of Library context)
- Colleges have libraries
- Schools have libraries
- College and School are different educational institutions
Therefore, Books is inside Library (libraries contain books), and Library overlaps with both College
(college libraries) and School (school libraries), but College and School are separate from each other.
Q14. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Brinjal,
Vegetable, Cabbage, Food?
Items: Brinjal, Vegetable, Cabbage, Food
(A) Brinjal and Cabbage inside Vegetable inside Food
(B) Four concentric circles
(C) Four separate circles
(D) Brinjal and Cabbage overlapping inside Vegetable
Correct Answer: (A) Brinjal and Cabbage inside Vegetable inside Food
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- Brinjal is a vegetable (Brinjal ⊂ Vegetable)
- Cabbage is a vegetable (Cabbage ⊂ Vegetable)
- All vegetables are food (Vegetable ⊂ Food)
- Brinjal and Cabbage are different vegetables (no overlap)
Therefore, Food is the outermost circle, Vegetable is inside Food, and Brinjal and Cabbage are two
separate circles inside Vegetable.
HARD LEVEL (Questions 15-20)
Q15. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Judges,
Lawyers, Men, Criminals, Educated?
Items: Judges, Lawyers, Men, Criminals, Educated
(A) All five separate circles
(B) Judges and Lawyers inside Educated, overlapping with Men, Criminals overlapping with Men only
(C) All five circles overlapping
(D) Five concentric circles
Correct Answer: (B) Judges and Lawyers inside Educated, overlapping with Men, Criminals
overlapping with Men only
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- All judges are educated (Judge ⊂ Educated)
- All lawyers are educated (Lawyer ⊂ Educated)
- Some judges are lawyers who became judges
- Judges and lawyers can be men or women
- Criminals can be educated or uneducated, men or women
- Criminals are separate from judges/lawyers professionally
Best representation: Educated contains Judges and Lawyers (overlapping). Men overlaps with Educated
(male judges, lawyers). Criminals overlaps with Men but is generally outside Judges/Lawyers circle.
Q16. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Herbivores,
Carnivores, Omnivores, Animals, Tigers?
Items: Herbivores, Carnivores, Omnivores, Animals, Tigers
(A) Tigers inside Carnivores, Herbivores, Carnivores, Omnivores as three separate circles inside Animals
(B) Five separate circles
(C) All five overlapping
(D) Five concentric circles
Correct Answer: (A) Tigers inside Carnivores, Herbivores, Carnivores, Omnivores as three separate
circles inside Animals
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- Tigers are carnivores (Tiger ⊂ Carnivore)
- All herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores are animals
- Herbivores, Carnivores, and Omnivores are mutually exclusive categories (an animal can only be one
type)
Therefore, Animals is the outermost circle containing three separate non-overlapping circles: Herbivores,
Carnivores, and Omnivores. Tigers is a small circle inside Carnivores.
Q17. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Iron, Copper,
Metal, Element, Gold?
Items: Iron, Copper, Metal, Element, Gold
(A) Iron, Copper, Gold inside Metal inside Element
(B) Five separate circles
(C) All metals overlapping inside Element
(D) Metal and Element as concentric, others separate
Correct Answer: (A) Iron, Copper, Gold inside Metal inside Element
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- Iron is a metal and an element (Iron ⊂ Metal, Iron ⊂ Element)
- Copper is a metal and an element
- Gold is a metal and an element
- All metals are elements (Metal ⊂ Element)
- Iron, Copper, Gold are different metals (no overlap among them)
Therefore, Element is outermost, Metal is inside Element, and Iron, Copper, Gold are three separate
non-overlapping circles inside Metal.
Q18. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Authors,
Teachers, Professors, Writers, Poets?
Items: Authors, Teachers, Professors, Writers, Poets
(A) Professors inside Teachers, Poets inside Writers which equals Authors, both groups overlapping
(B) All five separate circles
(C) Professors inside Teachers, overlapping with Authors/Writers/Poets cluster
(D) Five concentric circles
Correct Answer: (C) Professors inside Teachers, overlapping with Authors/Writers/Poets cluster
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- All professors are teachers (Professor ⊂ Teacher)
- Authors and Writers are essentially the same concept (Authors = Writers)
- Poets are writers/authors (Poet ⊂ Writer/Author)
- Some teachers are writers, some professors are authors
- Teachers/Professors are separate from Writers but can overlap
Therefore, Professors inside Teachers, Poets inside Writers (=Authors), and the two groups overlap -
some teachers are also writers, some professors are poets, etc.
Q19. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Prime
Minister, Minister, Politician, Indian, Person?
Items: Prime Minister, Minister, Politician, Indian, Person
(A) PM inside Minister inside Politician, all overlapping with Indian inside Person
(B) Five separate circles
(C) PM inside Minister inside Politician inside Indian inside Person
(D) All five overlapping equally
Correct Answer: (A) PM inside Minister inside Politician, all overlapping with Indian inside Person
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- Prime Minister is a Minister (PM ⊂ Minister)
- All Ministers are Politicians (Minister ⊂ Politician)
- So: PM ⊂ Minister ⊂ Politician
- Indians are a subset of Persons (Indian ⊂ Person)
- Politicians can be Indian or from other countries
- Not all Indians are politicians
Therefore, Person is outermost with Indian inside it. Separately, PM inside Minister inside Politician. The
Politician circle overlaps with Indian (Indian politicians including Indian ministers and Indian PM).
Q20. Which of the following diagrams best represents the relationship among: Vowels,
Consonants, Alphabets, Letters, Words?
Items: Vowels, Consonants, Alphabets, Letters, Words
(A) Vowels and Consonants inside Alphabets (=Letters), Words separate
(B) All five as concentric circles
(C) All five overlapping
(D) Five separate circles
Correct Answer: (A) Vowels and Consonants inside Alphabets (=Letters), Words separate
Explanation:
Analysis of relationships:
- Vowels are alphabets/letters (Vowel ⊂ Alphabet)
- Consonants are alphabets/letters (Consonant ⊂ Alphabet)
- Vowels and Consonants don't overlap (a letter is either vowel or consonant)
- Alphabets and Letters are essentially the same
- Words are made of letters but words themselves are not letters
Therefore, Alphabets (=Letters) contains Vowels and Consonants as two separate non-overlapping
circles. Words is a completely separate circle as words are different from individual letters.
VENN DIAGRAM PATTERNS REFERENCE
Pattern Type Relationship Example
Concentric (A inside B) All A are B Dog inside Animal
Overlapping Some A are B Teachers and Singers
Separate/Disjoint No A is B Chair and Table
Two inside One A,B both subsets of C, but A≠B Pen, Pencil inside Stationery
Overlapping inside One A,B overlap, both inside C Dog, Pet inside Animal
Common Categories to Remember:
Category Typical Relationship Pattern
Geographical (City, State, Country) Concentric circles
Profession + Gender (Doctors, Men, Women)Gender separate, profession overlaps with both
Furniture Items (Chair, Table, Bed) Separate items inside Furniture
Food Chain (Mango, Fruit, Food) Concentric circles
Educational (Graduate, Literate, Employed) Graduate inside Literate, Employed overlaps
Geometric Shapes (Square, Rectangle, Polygon) Concentric circles
Animal Diet (Herbivore, Carnivore, Omnivore) Three separate inside Animals
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SSC CGL Tier 1 - Reasoning: Logical Venn Diagram MCQs Page 12